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Alternatives Research & Development Foundation (ARDF).The Alternatives Research & Development Foundation was established in 1994 (before 1994 it was known as The Demeter Fund) to support the development of alternatives to the use of animals in biomedical research, testing, and education.
American Association for Laboratory Animal Science (AALAS).
A nonprofit association of persons and institutions professionally involved with the production, care and study of laboratory animals, AALAS provides for the exchange of scientific information on all phases of laboratory animals and their welfare through educational activities and certification programs.
AALAS promotes the humane care and treatment of laboratory animals through educational programs, publications, and certification activities.
AALAS publishes the scientific journal Laboratory Animal Science, the magazine Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science, a booklet, Audiovisual aids for Laboratory Animal Science, and the AALAS Training Manuals.
American Fund for Alternatives to Animal Research (AFAAR).
To stimulate and encourage the development of research and testing methods without the use of live animals, AFAAR provides financial incentives in the form of grants to help speed the development, evaluation, and use of alternatives. Since 1990, AFAAR has co-sponsored a planned undertaking by the Multicenter Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) to designate groups (batteries) of non-animal replacements for most animal tests.
Contact: Dr. Ethel Thurston
Address: 175 West 12th St, New York, NY 10011
Phone: (212) 989 8073
AltWeb Alternatives to Animal Testing : Refinement, Reduction, Replacement
American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners (ASLAP).
ASLAP, which is open to veterinary students and members of the American, Australian and Canadian veterinary medical associations, seeks to disseminate knowledge and provide training with research aims.
ASLAP publishes a newsletter and directory.
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
See United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC).
AWIC is an information center for the following subjects: proper care and use of laboratory animals, alternatives to animal testing, training materials for laboratory animal personnel and investigators using animals, improved and refined research methodologies, animal care and use committees, and other areas pertinent to animal welfare.
Animal Welfare Institute (AWI).
AWI is a non-profit charitable organization founded in 1951 that seeks to reduce the pain and fear inflicted on animals by man. One specific goal is to see the full implementation of alternatives (the Three Rs, refinement, reduction, and replacement of animals) implemented in research and testing. The Institute was instrumental in publishing and distributing Russell and Burch's The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique and continues to publish and distribute information on all three Rs. AWI desires to work cooperatively with the biomedical industry to change conditions and explore replacement methodologies.
AWI publishes a quarterly newsletter and occasional books (for example, Animals and Their Legal Rights, a Survey of American Laws from 1641 to 1990. 4th ed.).
Animals in Medicines Research Information Centre (AMRIC)
AMRIC (Animals in Medicines Research Information Centre) is an information office set up by the pharmaceutical industry to provide information about the role of animals in the development of medicines. AMRIC is part of the ABPI (Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry), the trade association whose member companies between them innovate, develop and manufacture more than 80 percent of the medicines prescribed under the NHS.
Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA)
See Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRM&R).
Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) is a national membership organization for professionals concerned with issues relating to the protection of human subjects, the humane care and treatment of animals, scientific misconduct, ethical
decision-making in healthcare, and other ethical issues pertaining to biomedical and behavioral research.
Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC).
AAALAC accreditation is voluntary and is sought by many types of research facilities, including those using non-regulated species. Accreditation represents an added commitment to high quality research animal care and assures scientists and administrators with an independent, rigorous assessment of their organization's animal care and use program. Maintenance of AAALAC accreditation is affirmation of an animal program's accountability and its efforts to promote ethical practices in the care and use of animals. Accreditation encourages a consistent standard of animal care and use, while supporting individual scientific needs.
AAALAC accredits more than 550 animal programs throughout the United States, Canada, and Europe, including medical, dental and veterinary schools, commercial companies, hospitals, government laboratories, and other scientific institutions.
Association of Veterinarians for Animal Rights (AVAR).
The AVAR actively works toward the acquisition of rights for all nonhuman animals by educating the public and the veterinary profession about a variety of issues concerning nonhuman animal use. The AVAR is actively seeking reformation of the way society treats all nonhumans and an increase in environmental awareness, as well.
AVAR's Alternatives in Education database is downloadable. The database has been distributed to the chairs of all federally-mandated institutional animal care and use committees registered with the Public Health Service.
AVAR publishes the newsletter AVAR Directions and a newsletter for veterinary students, Alternatives in veterinary medical education.
Australian and New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research and Training (ANZCCART).
ANZCCART will provide leadership in developing community consensus on ethical, social and scientific issues relating to the use of animals in research and teaching.
ANZCCART publishes proceedings of their scientific meetings (eg, The ethical and scientific perspectives of animal pain), scientific publications (Euthanasia of animals), a series of fact sheets, and a newsletter, ANZCCART News.
Canadian Council on Animal Care/ Conseil Canadien de Protection des Animaux.
CCAC is a national, voluntary peer review organization founded in 1968 to safeguard the well-being of experimental animals used in research, teaching, and mandatory testing. Cofunded by the Canadian Medical Research Council and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, CCAC is composed of organizations from academic, government, industry, laboratory animal science and animal welfare.
Its publications include: Approaches to the Design and Development of Cost-Effective Laboratory Animal Facilities; Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals; Ethics of Animal Investigation; Social and Behavioural Requirements of Experimental Animals; and Resource, a semi-annual newsletter, all of which are available in English and French.
SCAAT, the Colipa Steering Committee on Alternatives to Animal Testing was established in 1992 to coordinate the efforts of the cosmetic industry in the research and development of alternative methodologies. SCAAT is recognized by the authorities as a credible and authoritative voice on the execution of programmes and generation of data to contribute to the validation of alternative methods. The publications cover topics, key facts about animal testing, the summary of the 1995 Brussels Symposium on Alternatives to Animal Testing, and citations to research published by scientists of member organizat ions.
Computer-Aided Learning in Veterinary Education (CLIVE) Consortium.
Launched 1 December 1993 CLIVE is funded for three years by the UK Higher Education Funding Councils. All materials funded will be made freely available worldwide. CLIVE includes all six of the UK universities with veterinary schools. CLIVE's effort will coincide with revisions in the UK curriculum, which are moving toward more self-directed study. It aims to cover all parts of the curriculum, but specially those where exchange of course materials with other groups in medicine and biology is less possible, as in the clinical years.
Lesson designers determined to use AuthorWare Professional as the standard software for lesson preparation. Some groups are also using other software, e.g., ToolBook, HyperCard.
Computer-Assisted Learning Facility (CALF).
CALF was founded in 1990 to assist the faculty of the School of Veterinary Medicine in developing state-of-the-art learning tools. CALF provides computer programming and imaging services as well as hardware and software support to faculty and develops interactive programs designed for teaching both college undergraduate and graduate veterinary students. Both interactive atlases, Canine Osteology, and Equine Osteology, feature full-color photographic images, digitized radiographic images, selected clinical conditions, an interactively cross-referenced glossary, and randomly generated questions for the matching Quiz Programs.
Programs in development include AutoLab, a veterinary radiographic anatomy of the dog, with a matching quiz program; Veterinary Hematology; The ParasitoLog, an interactive atlas of the major parasites of domestic and wild animals; and The Dog Brain Atlas, a neuroscience program including both gross and microscopic neuro-anatomy as well as neural pathways.
Eurogroup was set up in 1980 with the aim to influence and promote the introduction of European Union (EU) animal protection legislation, with member organisations in all EU Member States.
As a European Federation of Animal Protection Organisations, Eurogroup works towards the introduction, implementation and enforcement of legislation on the protection of animals in the European Union.
European Biomedical Research Association (EBRA)
EBRA is an association of individuals and organizations in the scientific, medical and veterinary communities in the countries of the Council of Europe. EBRA was established to promote public understanding of the importance of animals in medical and veterinary research and safety testing.
EBRA publications include a European bulletin about the use of animals in biomedical research and testing. EBRA also maintains an email bulletin service for its members.
European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM).
The Commission of the European Union established ECVAM to encourage research into the development of alternative techniques that will provide the same level of information as that obtained in experiments using animals, but which involve fewer animals or entail less painful procedures.
ECVAM coordinates the validation of alternative test methods at the EU level, acts as a focal point for the exchange of information on the development of alternative test methods, manages a database on alternative procedures, and promotes dialogue among the legislatures, industries, consumer organizations, biomedical scientists, and animal welfare groups, with a view to the development of alternative test methods.
ECVAM's information services will focus on alternative methods and their status, validation studies, chemicals or formulations and their in vivo and in vitro toxicity profiles, the accumulation and use of industry-owned property data, QSAR data, data analysis, and in vivo/in vitro comparisons, a register of the outcomes validation studies, on changes in regulatory practice, and a register of European in vitro pharmacotoxicologists.
ECVAM workshops review the current status of various types of tests and their potential uses and identify the best ways forward. ECVAM symposia will deal with wider issues, such as the practical aspects of validation.
Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC).
The Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC) is an independent advisory body established by the Government in 1979. Its terms of reference are to keep under review the welfare of farm animals on agricultural land, at market, in transit and at the place of slaughter; and to advise the Government of any legislative or other changes that may be necessary.
Foundation for Biomedical Research (FBR).
NABR and FBR represent the scientific community on the issue of humane care and treatment of laboratory animals. The mission of FBR is to provide the public with scientific facts regarding the need for continued humane and responsible use of animals in biomedical research, education, and product safety testing. Its role includes public education, including provision of educational materials to the general public, the media, students, and the research community. FBR develops educational and training materials for researchers who use animal models.
FBR publications include the FBR newsletter and a Directory of animal rights/welfare organizations. Write for a current list of publications and a speaker's kit.
Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experimentation (FRAME).
FRAME is a charitable trust, founded in 1969, and is controlled solely by up to six honorary trustees, who employ scientific and administrative staff to work in five main areas, namely:scientific research;publications and information services; legislative and regulatory reform; specific campaigns; and public education.
FRAME's publishes the scientific journal Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: ATLA, the newsletter FRAME News, and monographs, such as The Use of Non-Human Primates as Laboratory Animals in Great Britain.
FRAME maintains this data bank of verified in vitro methods in toxicology. Verification is made by the originators of the methods and is regularly updated. Its aim is to present precise and up-to-date technical information for the perfor-mance of in vitro techniques currently in use and development, their applications, advantages, and drawbacks. FRAME obtains this information directly from those scientists already employing such methods. Each protocol includes comprehensively detailed methodologies, sufficient in detail to enable another researcher to carry out the procedure, experimental data (i.e., lists of the chemicals which have been tested using the system, together with their toxic profiles), the rationale for choice of the technique and endpoint, and critical assessment comments from the author (e.g., the accuracy of the system, its sensitivity, ease of implementation, shortcomings, etc.).
Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources (ILAR).
A component of the National Research Council, ILAR develops and makes available scientific and technical information on laboratory animals and other biologic research resources. Guidelines developed by ILAR form a basis for institutional and governmental policies on animal care and use. ILAR publishes monographs (Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals), occasional bibliographies (Annotated Bibliography on Uncommonly Used Laboratory Animals: Mammals), and a quarterly journal, ILAR Journal, which includes substantive articles. ILAR's most frequently used service to the biomedical community is the Animal Models and Genetic Stocks Information Program, a computerized database on U.S. commercial and investigator-held colonies of commonly and less-commonly used laboratory animals.
Write for a list of current publications, some of which are sold by the National Academy Press. The ILAR Journal is distributed at no charge.
International Academy of Animal Welfare Sciences (IAAWS).
The International Academy of Animal Welfare Sciences (IAAWS) has been established as a subsidiary charity of the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW). UFAW has been in existence for over sixty years as a rational, scientific and technical animal welfare organization. It is concerned with the welfare of animals in zoos, laboratories, on farms and as domestic pets. Although UFAW is based in the United Kingdom, it receives a large number of requests for information from overseas. It has become clear that scientific animal welfare is becoming of increasing importance world-wide. UFAW perceives that there is a need for an international network of specialist who could advise those trying to improve particular aspects of animal welfare in their own countries. As a result, it decided to found IAAWS. The aim is to recruit those who are able to provide expertise on, or actively promote, animal welfare, to membership of the Academy.
International Foundation for Ethical Research (IFER).
Founded in 1985 to promote the discovery, development and implementation of viable, scientifically valid alternatives to the use of live animals in research, testing and education, IFER seeks to fulfill its mission through research grants, publications, workshops, seminars and symposia. IFER focuses on the four Rs, refinement, reduction, replacement, and responsibility--to both human and nonhuman animals. It has funded development of a computer simulation program of renal function and synthetic skin. IFER has conducted workshops dealing with alternatives in education.
IFER publishes the proceedings of its annual meetings and a newsletter.
International Society for Applied Ethology (ISAE).
Formed in 1966 as the Society for Veterinary Ethology, ISAE expanded rapidly to cover all applied aspects of ethology and other behavioral sciences which are relevant to many human-animal interactions such as farming, wildlife management, pet-keeping, and pest control. ISAE has a federal structure with regional secretaries in several European countries, the USA, Canada, and Australasia. In 1991 it took its present name.
Members can subscribe to the Elsevier Science journal Applied Animal Behaviour Science at a reduced rate. They also receive the ISAE Newslettertwice a year.
Japanese Society for the Advancement of Alternative Experiments (JSAAE).
Publications of JSAAE: Newslettercontents (in Japanese), The Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Alternatives to Animal Experimentation.
Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT).
CAAT seeks to foster the development of scientifically acceptable in vitro and other alternatives for use in the development and safety evaluation of commercial and therapeutic products; catalyze the development of alternative methods and encourage their use where appropriate while continuing to ensure the health of the public; and disseminate scientifically correct information about alternatives, their uses, advantages, and limitations. CAAT has funded more than 100 cutting-edge research programs in alternative methodologies world-wide.
Its publications include a newsletter, the book series Alternative Methods in Toxicology, a series of technical reports and a cartoon newsletter for middle schools, CAATalyst. The Validation and Technology Transfer Committee of the CAAT Advisory Board has published a Framework for Validation of Implementation of In Vitro Toxicity Testing. Its staff have published Animals and Alternatives in Testing: History, Science, and Ethics(Mary Ann Liebert, New York, 1993) and founded the scientific journal In Vitro Toxicology.
Beginning with the Summer 1994 issue, the CAAT newsletter is available on its URL. Beginning with the Winter 1997 issue, the newsletter is available only from the web site.
The Joseph F. Morgan Research Foundation
Established through an initiative of the Canadian Federation of
Humane Societies, this program funds research directed towards the
refinement of controversial procedures, such as those for acute
toxicity and metabolism/function tests, and towards the reduction
of animal use in chronic assays.Contact: Gilly Griffin, Ph.D., Executive Director
Address: 401-126 York St, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 5T5
Phone: 613 562 3397
Fax: 613 565 2173
Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University
The Joseph P. and Rose F. Kennedy Institute of Ethics, established at Georgetown University in 1971, is a teaching and research center offering ethical perspectives on major policy issues. It is the largest university based group of faculty members in the world devoted to research and teaching in biomedical ethics and other areas of applied ethics. The Institute also houses the most extensive library of ethics in the world, the National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature; produces bibliographic citations relating to bioethics for the online databases at the National Library of Medicine; and conducts regular seminars and courses in bioethics.
Lasker Center for Humane Alternatives to the Use of Animals in Research, Testing, and Education.
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA)
Inaugurated in 1992, the center primarily focuses on the search for humane alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing, and education. Intending to be a mediator and catalyst in this search, the center keeps informed on current events involving the use of animals. It considers all aspects of an issue, takes a position on it and explains that position to the public and the media. In response to the need for humane animal care in the classroom, the center organizes workshops to provide information to teachers. The center verifies the claims of consumer goods declared "humane" or "cruelty-free." In regards to alternatives to dissection, the center provides information on alternatives for teachers, supervisors, school administrators, and individual students. For college students who wish to pursue careers in the life sciences and obtain a higher education without the use of animals, the center provides information on "alternative" coursework at individual universities and professional schools. The center organizes meetings of relevant parties and decision-makers, which should provide detailed attention to the issue and hopefully forge positive links and constructive attitudes leading to positive recommendations.
Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Center for Laboratory Animal Welfare.
The Center for Laboratory Animal Welfare was formed in 1992 to bring thoughtful analysis to the often highly-polarized debate concerning the use of animals in laboratories.
The MSPCA's Center for Laboratory Animal Welfare has begun a series of four-page publications titled Issues & Answers. The first two are Cruelty-Free Labeling: What Does It Mean? and Laboratory Animal Alternatives: the Three R's.
MEGAT: Middle European Society for Alternatives to Animal Testing
(Mitteleuropaeische Gesellschaft fur Alternativmethoden zu Tierversuchen)MEGAT is an interdisciplinary European scientific society which aims to: 1. Develop and validate alternative and complementary methods in accordance with the 3Rs concept; 2. Demonstrate the use of alternative methods; 3. Act as a representative for animal welfare concerns on national and international advisory committees; and 4. Provide an information source to the public. The official journal of MEGAT is ALTEX - Alternativen zu Tierexperimenten (Alternatives to Animal Testing), which is published 4 times a year. MEGAT also takes part in the scientific committee of the Austrian International Congresses on Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing in Biomedical Research, which are held yearly at the University of Linz, Austria.
National Association for Biomedical Research (NABR).
NABR and its sister organization, the Foundation for Biomedical Research (FBR), represent the scientific community on the issue of humane care and treatment of laboratory animals. NABR seeks to represent and activate member institutions in national policy making which affects the use of animals in research, education and product safety testing. Its role includes government and congressional relations, support of members with information and consultation on state and local issues, the analysis,, monitoring and reporting of any legislation or regulation dealing with research animals at the international, federal or state level.
Its publications include: NABR Update; NABR Alert; (both also distributed with permission via Email); State Laws concerning the Use of Animals in Research; a Crisis management manual,. a State Legislative Handbook; and the NABR annual report.
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR).
NCRR develops and makes available resources needed for biomedical research throughout the United States, using both intramural and extramural resources. These resources include instrumentation, human clinical research centers, training to develop human resources, including apprenticeships for minority high school students and biology teachers, the development and provision of animal models, including transgenics, improvements in the care and use of laboratory animals, and in training in the specialty of laboratory animal medicine.
Publications include: NCRR Reporter, the NCRR Access guide; NCRR Program highlights [annual report]; General clinical research centers, a research resources directory; Resources for biological models and materials research, a research resources directory.
The Netherlands Centre for Alternatives to Animal Use (NCA).
The Center's task is to stimulate the development, validation, and use of alternatives. By alternatives, the center means every method that leads to replacement, reduction, or refinement of animal experiments. NCA publishes the NCA newsletter.
Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW).
Under Office of Extramural Research (OER), National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Primate Information Center (PIC).
The PIC is the world's leading indexing service for scientific literature on all aspects of non-human primate research. PIC has compiled a unique bibliographic file which covers primatological, biomedical, veterinary and psychological studies on prosimians, monkeys, and apes published since 1940. Scientists and students anywhere in the world may use the services of the PIC.
PIC Publications: Current Primate References, a monthly listing of articles and books; Topical Bibliographies in the fields of behavior, biology and experimental biomedicine, naturally occurring diseases, experimental techniques, pharmacology & toxicology, and reproduction (each priced individually); Custom Services: Retrospective Bibliographies, from the most recent five years, most recent ten years or 1940 to date; and,. Monthly Bibliographies.
The PRIMATES Enrichment Database
This database covers all aspects of nonhuman primate research. That portion of the database from 1985 to present, over 47,000 bibliographic records, may be leased from the Primate Information Center for local searches on any MS-DOS computer. This permits staff at other locations to fully search the database-- citations, authors, indexing. Because searches of MEDLINE, BIOSIS, Psychological Abstracts, Excerpta Medica, Zoological Record, and NTIS are regularly added to the database, and staff at the Primate Information Center scans other materials, the PRIMATES Database is comprehensive.
The PRIMATES database is leased with some restrictions on its use. Minimum hardware requirements include a MS-DOS computer with 640 K of memory and 50-60 megabytes of hard disk storage. Monthly update subscriptions are available; 450 to 700 citations are normally processed each month.
Psychologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PSYeta).
PSYeta is dedicated to the promotion of animal welfare with the science and profession of psychology and to lessen the suffering of animals in research laboratories and educational and therapeutic settings.
Its publications include PSYeta Bulletin, the annual notebook, Humane Innovations and Alternatives. Dr Shapiro edits the journal Society & Animals and co-edits the Journal of Applied Animal Welfare.
Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRM&R).
PRIM&R ia a strong advocate for ethical human and animal research that will both improve the quality of life and benefit society. Through national conferences (such as, Animal Care and Use Pro-grams; and Hospitals and Healthcare Professionals and AIDS) and publications (Conference proce-edings and educational packets, such as, Making Your Animal Care Committee Work). PRIM&R addresses the broad range of issues regarding research, clinical practice, ethics, and the law. PRIM&R is committed to the advancement of strong research programs, and the consistent application of ethical precepts in both medicine and research.
Regulatory Enforcement and Animal Care (REAC), see United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Research Animals Department.
Department publications include the RSPCA Research Animals Update, a bi-monthly newsletter, and a series of pamphlets called RPSCA Information, e.g., Guide to Products Not Tested on Animals, On the Side of the Animals: Some Contemporary Philosophers' Views, Alternatives to Animal Experiments, and Ethical Concerns for Animals.
Scientists Center for Animal Welfare (SCAW).
SCAW, an educational, non-profit organization, provides the national forum for discussion of public accountability, public policy, and scientists' responsibilities regarding humane standards. It is dedicated to the belief that high standards of animal welfare complement the quality of scientific results. SCAW promotes the responsible and humane treatment of animals used in research, testing and teaching by encouraging the exchange of information about animal well-being--information based on scientific data and observation. SCAW convenes national conferences and workshops to address current issues on laboratory animal welfare and publishes their proceedings. It provides assistance to research institutions to inform laboratory animal personnel about current issues. SCAW provides consulting services on all aspects of IACUC functions, protocol review, training programs, and other relevant matters. It offers the services of a speakers and meetings bureau.
Its publications include: Annotated Bibliography on Laboratory Animal Welfare; Field Research Guidelines; and proceedings of its conferences, such as Reduction and Refinement in Animal Testing.
Swiss Institute for Alternatives to Animal Testing. Schweizerisches Institut für Alternativen zu Tierversuchen (SIAT).
SIAT is a private research institute financed mainly by animal welfare associations and by project contracts. It presently hosts two research groups: In Vitro Toxicology (Head: Dr. Christoph A. Reinhardt) located in Zurich, and Computer-Aided Drug Design (Head: Dr. Angelo Vedani), located in Basel.Contacts: Dr. Christoph A Reinhardt and Dr. Angelo Vedani
Address: Technopark, Pfingstweidstrasse 30, 8005 Zurich
Phone: 41 1 445 1530
Fax: 41 1 445 1535
Technology in Veterinary Education (CAI Resources).
This website contains a listing of resources that will help the veterinary educator in the design and delivery of technology-based veterinary courseware, including CONVINCE and CLIVE.
Tufts Center for Animals and Public Policy.
Established in 1983 the Center coordinates and focuses programs dealing with the ethical, legal, scientific, and social issues relating to the status of animals in society. The center focuses particularly on public policy implications of changing technology and social attitudes. It is supported by funds raised from foundations, industry, and individual donors. Some of its areas of interest are animal research ethics, veterinary ethics and jurisprudence, bio-technology, and farm animals. The center appoints scholars from institutions in New England annually to be Academic Associates. The center's advisory board helps it to be responsive to changing social concerns. Members of the board provide the center feedback on its programs and related activities.
Among its published reports is the Animal Research Controversy. The center publishes two newsletters, The Alternatives Report, and The Animal Policy Report.
United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW).
UFAW is an internationally recognized scientific and educational animal welfare charity registered in the United Kingdom. Concerned with the welfare of all animals, it has adopted an objective and realistic approach to animal welfare by looking at the behavior and needs of animals, making rational judgements and giving expert advice on how particular species should be cared for and managed. UFAW holds symposia and workshops; carries out and sponsors scientific research into many aspects of biology and welfare of farmed, companion, wild, zoo and laboratory animals; produces standard texts on animal care and management; and publishes technical reports and the quarterly scientific journal Animal Welfare.
Both corporate and individual memberships are available. UFAW publications are available at member discounts, which are priced in both US dollars and British pounds. Write or search the web site for the latest publications list, membership details, scholarship and grant information, and the research program.
WARDS, Inc.
Working for Animals Used in Research, Drugs and Surgery (WARDS), a non-profit animal welfare organization formed in 1953, works with researchers and the general public in the hope of finding common ground to ensure the most humane care possible for animals without hindering genuine scientific advancement. Today, WARDS continues to enhance conditions for animals through its quarterly newsletters and ongoing programs. As an expression of its advocacy for viable alternatives to animal exprimentation, the WARDS Refinement Project awards up to $10,000 annually in grants for refinement work. WARDS also sponsors regional and national scholarship programs.
Wisconsin Primate Research Center (WPRC)
The National Primate Research Centers were formerly called The Regional Primate Research Centers. The name was changed in April 2002 to reflect the broader support provided by the centers.
The National Primate Research Centers are a national network of eight centers that provide specialized facilities for nonhuman primate research, highly experienced personnel, and appropriate research environments. The Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WPRC) is based in the Graduate School of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The WPRC is one of eight federally supported (NIH-NCRR) National Primate Research Centers and the only one in the Midwest.
ZEBET:Zentralstelle zur Erfassung und Bewertung von Ersatz- und Ergänzungsmethoden zum Tierversuch.
ZEBET/1 is responsible for documentation and information on alternatives to animals in research and testing. ZEBET/2 also serves as the German center for planning, funding, and coordinating validation programs for alternative test methods. ZEBET/3 has laboratory facilities both for participation in validation studies and for visiting scientists, who can participate in developing new or experimental approaches.
The ZEBET databank serves scientists, government agencies, organizations and the public, providing information on the current status of alternative methods. Scientists at ZEBET obtain information on techniques from original scientific publications, from searching publicly accessible databanks, e.g., MEDLINE, and directly from scientists. ZEBET then evaluates whether an alternative methods holds promise for solving scientific problems that so far only could only be approached by using research animals or to what extent a new procedure might serve to reduce the suffering on laboratory animals.
The databank includes: description of specific methods; evaluations of those methods according to the 3 Rs, a description of the experiment that can be so modified, names of scientists who are experienced in the use of that method, and references to literature on the specific method and the experiment that can be replaced, reduced or refined. Evaluative information is entered in ZEBET in German, but the summary and references are given in English. An English version is planned.
ZeT: Zentrum für Ersatz- und Ergängzungsmethoden zu Tierversuchen.
ZeT, the Austrian Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods in Animal Experiments,has a research branch at the University of Graz and a marketing and public relations branch in Vienna. ZeT aims to: 1. Develop and validate alternative and complementary methods in accordance with the 3Rs concept; 2. Demonstrate the use of alternative methods; 3. Act as a representative for animal welfare concerns on national and international advisory committes, and 4. provide an information source to the public. ZeT co-sponsors the magazine ALTEX: Alternativen zu Tierexperimenten, a German language magazine with English summaries, and Ersatz- und Ergängzungs-methoden zu Tierversuchen, a German book series of European conferences on alternatives to animals in research and testing..
DIRECTORIES
"Animal advocacy organizations," p.[209]-300. In: Achor, Amy Blount. Animal rights: a beginner's guide; a handbook of issues, organizations, actions, and resources. New rev. ed. Yellow Springs, Ohio : WriteWare, c1996.Annotated list, national (USA) or international in scope; local animal organizations, by state, A-Z
The Animals' Agenda Directory of Animal Advocacy Organizations, The Animals' Agenda.Lists addresses, telephone and fax numbers, web sites of animal and environmental advocacy organizations. Index by state, and outside the USA, by country.
Animal Contacts DirectoryProduced under the auspices of the Vegan Society of the UK.
International in scope, arranged by continent and country.
"Animal welfare." This section of the Encyclopedia of Associations (Detroit, MI : Gale Research Inc.), includes all types of associations interested in the welfare and protection of animals. They range from the protection of specific species (National Cat Protection Society) to national organizations (Humane Society of the United States).
Directory of funding sources for scientific pursuit of alternatives, by Amelia Tarzi and F. Barbara Orlans. New York : Lasker Center for Humane Alternatives, ASPCA, 1995.
"Directory of organizations, A-Z,"p.173-211. In: Catherine E. Clough and Barry Kew, The animal welfare handbook. London: Fourth Estate, 1993.
Covers British animal and animal protection organizations. Followed, pages 212-217, by "Other organizations referred to in the text," most of which are British animal-related organizations.
GRANTS FOR NONPROFITS: ANIMAL WELFARE
A compilation of web pages and books of potential interest to nonprofit organizations seeking funding opportunities related to animal welfare.
International directory of primatology, Wisconsin Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - MadisonOrganizations included in this directory are major primate centers, laboratories, educational programs, foundations, conservation organizations, sanctuaries, current field sites, and professional primate societies.
National guide to funding for the environment & animal welfare, ed. by Elizabeth H. Rich; contributing editors: Margaret Mary Feczko, Jeffrey A. Falkenstein & Linda Tobiasen. 3rd ed. New York : The Foundation Center, 1996. xxxviii, 527 p.
"Organizations," p.161-210 in: Laboratory animal welfare: a guide to reference tools, legal materials, organizations, federal agencies / Cheryl Rae Nyberg, Maria A. Porta, Carol Boast. Twin Falls, ID : BN Books, 1994.122 selected national and international organizations in English-speaking areas of the world involved in developing alternative research techniques, improving the treatment of animals in research, informing the public about the issues, and working to change laws and regulations. Includes single-purpose and multi-purpose professional and lay organizations devoted to broader issues also interested in these areas. Includes statements of purpose reviewed by the organization and services provided, including speakers' bureaus. Provides geographic and topical indexes in the chapter introduction.
World Animal Net Directory
The world's largest database of animal protection societies, with over 13,000 listings and more than 6,000 links to Web Sites. The World Animal Net Directory incorporates the World Guide to Animal Rights
ZET : Zentrum für Ersatz- und Ergänzungsmethoden zu Tierversuchen
In 1985, the Aktiver Arbeitskreis gegen Tierversuche (Active working group against animal testing) was founded. After long and exhaustive discussions it was transformed into the AFTF - Arbeitskreis ür die Förderung von tierversuchsfreier Forschung (Working group for promotion of research without animals), which followed the concept of the 3R (Refinement, Reduction, Replacement) and abandoned the strict opposition to any form of animal testing, appreciated by its predecessor. After the AFTF - Arbeitskreis für die Förderung von tierversuchsfreier Forschung had reached its organizational limits, the Zentrum für Ersatz- und Ergänzungsmethoden zu Tierversuchen (zet) (Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing) was founded in 1996. This new centre continued, provided with a professional structure, on the one hand the work of the
AFTF and enlarged on the other hand its field of activities to proper research. zet is meant to be the national centre for references in Austria.
UC Center for Animal Alternatives
School of Veterinary Medicine
University of California, Davis10/5/05
